00504nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245005400055210004400109260003100153300001400184490000700198653001900205653001000224100002000234700001600254856006400270 2011 eng d a0269-727000aThe Grey seal ‘problem’ in the Outer Hebrides0 aGrey seal problem in the Outer Hebrides bCambridge University Press a495–5030 v7710aMarine Mammals10aSeals1 aSummers, C., F.1 aHarwood, J. uhttp://journals.cambridge.org/abstract{\_}S026972700001287202275nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245012800055210006900183260003600252300001400288490000700302520156600309653001801875653001901893653000901912100001801921700001601939856012601955 2011 eng d a0269-727000aThe macrofauna of brackish and fresh waters of the Loch Druidibeg National Nature Reserve and its neighbourhood, South Uist0 amacrofauna of brackish and fresh waters of the Loch Druidibeg Na bCambridge University Presscdec a353–3760 v773 a

The macrofauna of brackish and fresh waters of the Loch Druidibeg National Nature Reserve and its neighbourhood, South UistThree main types of Hebridean freshwater lochs occur in the Loch Druidibeg National Nature Reserve; eutrophic calcareous machair lochs near the Atlantic coast, mesotrophic lochs on the edge of the moor and oligotrophic lochs on the peatlands. Chloride/calcium concentrations, highest in lochs near the sea, fall away rapidly inland and are lowest in the moor lochs. The fauna of eutrophic and mesotrophic lochs includes a few euryhaline brackish-water species Potamopyrgus jenkinsi, Diaptomus wierzejskii, Neomysis integer and Gammarus duebeni. G. duebeni alone penetrates the oligotrophic lochs. Freshwater sponges are widespread but are absent from the machair lochs and there are no triclad planarians. The fauna of fast and slow stream segments is described. Loch Bee, a man-made lagoon, unlike the open brackish lochs of North Uist, is an unstable habitat and its fauna has changed considerably since it was investigated in 1933. The fauna consists mainly of brackish-water species and a few stenohaline marine species which are confined to its seaward ends. The sequence of faunistic change in the Howmore estuary, Lochs Roag and Fada, a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), is described; the brackish-water fauna is reduced by the volume of fresh water passing through the system. A brief account is given of the unusual dominance of Hyalinella punctata and Potamopyrgus jenkinsi in Loch Ardvule (SSSI), South Uist.

10aInvertebrates10aLoch Druidibeg10aUist1 aWaterston, AR1 aLyster, IHJ uhttp://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8378836&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S026972700001279301711nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210006900157260003600226300001400262490000700276520092500283653001401208653001501222653001001237653001801247653001601265653001201281653001301293653001901306100001801325856012601343 2011 eng d a0269-727000aSurvey of the invertebrate fauna of sand dune and machair sites in the Outer Hebrides during 19760 aSurvey of the invertebrate fauna of sand dune and machair sites  bCambridge University Presscdec a395–4040 v773 a

During June and July 1976 the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology carried out a limited invertebrate survey on 18 sites in the Outer Hebrides.

Portable battery-operated UV light traps were installed at each site and left to operate for eight nights. Bad weather in June greatly reduced the numbers of Lepidoptera caught. During July moths were trapped at 16 of the sites. Details of the combined catches are given. Pitfall traps were also installed at all sites and all beetles, spiders, harvestmen, snails, millipedes, centipedes and woodlice have been identified. In addition a list of species of littoral Coleoptera recorded from 24 Hebridean localities is given.

This survey was part of a much wider project around the coasts of Scotland, commissioned by the Nature Conservancy Council, to whom a full report will be submitted when identification and analysis of the results has been completed.

10aArachnids10aColeoptera10aDunes10aInvertebrates10aLepidoptera10aMachair10amolluscs10aOuter Hebrides1 aWelch, R., C. uhttp://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8378842&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S026972700001281101487nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245007300055210006900128260003600197300001400233490000700247520095500254653001201209653001901221100001601240856006101256 2011 eng d a0269-727000aMachair development and chronology in the Uists and adjacent islands0 aMachair development and chronology in the Uists and adjacent isl bCambridge University Presscdec a107–1220 v773 a

Several types of machair landforms are found in the Uists (Outer Hebrides) but the most distinctive are low altitude plains. Morphological and stratigraphical evidence suggests that both erosional and depositional processes, operating over a long period of time, have produced these sand plains and other landforms. A vast but relatively finite (partly shell-derived) sand supply was swept landwards across the gentle offshore rock platform assisted by a rising sea level to provide the initial pre-machair coastal accumulation. Phases of development can be dated using archaeological evidence, and 14C dating of offshore peat suggests that initiation probably took place before 5700 BP. Although the evidence is fragmentary, machair development appears to have consisted of long periods of stability, interrupted by episodes of major environmental disturbances. There is also evidence of coastal erosion and associated physiographic changes

10aMachair10aOuter Hebrides1 aRitchie, W. uhttp://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S026972700001267701927nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245008100055210006900136260003600205300001400241490000700255520132900262653001101591653001001602653002501612653001601637100001901653856006101672 2011 eng d a0269-727000aThe polychaetes of Lewis and Harris with notes on other marine invertebrates0 apolychaetes of Lewis and Harris with notes on other marine inver bCambridge University Presscdec a189–2160 v773 a

In July 1976 six rocky littoral sites and eight rocky sublittoral sites in Lewis and Harris were sampled for polychaetes. The sites ranged from those on the exposed west and north coast to more sheltered east coast sites.

A total of 107 species were recorded during the survey and are presented in an annotated species list. Syllidae are the dominant family both in number of species and number of individuals present, although the Serpulidae, Spionidae and Sabellidae are also well represented. Similarity of habitats sampled at different sites makes it possible to relate differences in species composition to the conditions prevailing at these localities. Such comparisons are made for four habitats—Corallina officinalis, sediment under stones on the shore, Laminaria holdfasts and the upper shell valves of Pecten. Twenty polychaete species were found in the C. officinalis habitat, 24 species in sediment under stones on the shore, 61 species in laminarian holdfasts and 22 species on the upper shell valves of Pecten.

In general the sublittoral macroinvertebrate fauna, although lacking the Lusitanian elements found in the warmer waters of south-west England and Ireland, was found to have a high species diversity and to exist in an environment virtually free from man-made pollution.

10aHarris10aLewis10aMarine Invertebrates10aPolychaetes1 aGeorge, J., D. uhttp://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S026972700001272001941nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001400041245005400055210005000109260003600159300001400195490000700209520140700216653000901623653001901632100002101651700002301672856006401695 2011 eng d a0269-727000aThe fishes of inland waters in the Outer Hebrides0 afishes of inland waters in the Outer Hebrides bCambridge University Presscdec a377–3930 v773 a

Only euryhaline fishes were able to recolonize Outer Hebridean fresh waters after the last glaciation so that inland waters now contain only six indigenous, truly freshwater species; salmon, trout, charr, three- and ten-spined stickleback and the freshwater eel. Parts of some lochs are invaded by the sea at stages in the tidal cycle and some 20 species of marine fish may be found at times in inland waters. Both salmon and sea trout occur in all the larger freshwater systems and sea trout are also found in many of the minor ones. The original sea trout gave rise to sedentary brown trout populations similar to those of the mainland. Fluctuations in the Hebridean salmon catch suggest that the stock is affected by the same factors as those affecting Scottish west coast stocks generally: the vast-majority return to fresh water as grilse, while sea trout stocks have been declining over the last 25 years. Brown trout and eels are almost ubiquitous. Charr occur in Lewis and parts of North Uist but have not been reported from Harris or South Uist and are now only present as sedentary forms. The three-spined stickleback is more widely distributed than the ten-spined. Outer Hebridean lochs in general have special scientific value because, unlike many Scottish mainland lochs, they have not been affected by the introduction of alien species and some are still in an unexploited state.

10aFish10aOuter Hebrides1 aCampbell, R., N.1 aWilliamson, R., B. uhttp://journals.cambridge.org/abstract{\_}S026972700001280X